Classification de la technologie en 389 sous-champs

La carte de la technologie utilise une classification originale de la technologie qui distribue toutes les inventions dans 389 classes non recouvrantes. Cette classification IFRIS s’appuie sur la classification hiérarchique WIPO (Concept of a Technology Classification for Country Comparisons, 2008) qui distingue, à son niveau d’agrégation le plus fin, 35 champs technologiques, ces 35 champs étant groupés en 5 domaines technologiques.
La classification IFRIS ajoute un niveau d’agrégation plus fin – inférieur au niveau des champs technologiques – de 389 sous-champs technologiques.

La ventilation des brevets (applications prioritaires) déposés dans le monde entre 1986 et 2006, et agrégée au niveau des domaines technologiques, est présentée dans le tableau suivant :

Domaines technologiques Nb brevets prioritaires
Associés avec d'autres technologies
Source : Corporate Invention Board, Priority Patents 1986-2006
Chemistry 15,2 % 21,1 %
Electrical engineering 40,7 % 36,5 %
Instruments 15,7 % 17,4 %
Mechanical engineering 23,2 % 20,8 %
Other fields 4,1 % 3,3 %

La classification complète des 389 sous-champs utilisée pour la carte globale de la technologie est présentée ci-dessous.

Chemistry
FieldsSub-fields
Source : Corporate Invention Board
Basic materials chemistry Adhesives
Cracking Hydrocarbon Oils
Detergent Compositions
Disinfectants
Dyeing Of Inorganics
Explosives
Fatty Acids
Fats
Fertilisers
Fuels
Glue Or Gelatine
Lubrifiant indexed
Lubrifiant
Materials For Miscellaneous Applications
Modifying Combustible Gases Containing CO
Natural Resins
Organic Dyes
Other subjects Chemistry
Paints and inks
Polishing Compositions
Production Of Gas From Solid C-Material
Production Of Gas Coke Tar by distillation
Repellants
Wet Production Of Acetylene
Working-Up Tar
Working-Up Of Peat
Biotechnology Apparatus For Enzymology Or Microbiology
Compounds Of Unknown Constitution
Fermentation Or Enzyme-Using Processes
Measur Proc with Enzymes Or Micro-Orga
Micro-Organisms-General
Micro-Orga Enzymes Culture Media
Peptides
Use Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms To treat solid materials
Chemical engineering Bleaching
Boiling
Centrifuges
Chem and Phys Processes
Chemical Processing Of Skins Hides Or Leather
Chem Or Phys Lab Apparatus
Cleaning
Crushing and Milling
Distillation
Drying
Evaporating and extraction and separetion and degaseification
Finishing Dressing Tentering Or Stretching Textile
Generating Mechanical Vibrations
Mixing
Other Separation
Phase transformation Of Gases
Plasma Technique
Regeneration of Filters
Separating Liquids and Solids
Separation of isotopes
Semi-permeable membranes
Separation apparatus and processes
Separation of solid materials
Separating Solids and Sorting
Separation
Semi-permeable membranes for separation
Separation and Filters
Spraying
Treating Textile
Environmental technology Absorbing noise from roads
Combustion Products
Filtering Gases
Fire-Fighting
Furnaces
Gas-Flow Silencers
Gathering of Domestic Refuse
Measuring Nuclear Or X-Radiation
Other Separating
Pretreatment of gases
Protection against Fire and Chemicals
Separating by Liquids
Separating Gases
Separation of gases
Separating Combination
Solid Waste and Contaminated Soils
Treatment of gases
Water Treatment
Food chemistry Alcoholic Beverages
Brewing Of Beer
Chocolate
Coffee and Tea
Dairy Products
Edible Oils
Extraction Of Sugar
Fermented Solutions
Fodder
New Plants
Other Foods
Preseving food
Proteins for Food
Sugar
Sugar Juices
Synthesis Of Sugars
Treatment of Alcoholic Beverages
Treatment of Dough
Vinegar
Macromolecular chemistry, polymers Compositions Of Macromol Comp
Derivatives Of Natural Macromolecules
Inorg Or Non-Macromol Organ Subst
Macromol with C-to-C Unsaturated Bonds
Macromol withouth C-to-C Unsaturated Bonds
Polysaccharides
Treatment Of Rubbers
Materials, metallurgy Casting and Powder Metallurgy
Glasses
Inorganic Chem
Metallurgy
Metallurgy of Iron
Refractories
Micro-structural and nano-technology Micro-Structural Technology
Nano-Technology
Organic fine chemistry Acyclic or Carbocyclic Comp
Cosmetic Preparations
Combinatorial Chemistry
Compounds with Elts Other Than C H Halogen O N S Se or Te
Heterocyclic Compounds
Organic Chemistry
Steroids
Sugars Nucleotides
Use of Cosmetics
Pharmaceuticals Medical Preparations
Therap Activ Of Chem Comp
Surface technology, coating Apparatus For Applying Liquids
Coating Metallic Material
Crystal Growth
Electrolytic Or Electrophoretic Processes
Layered Products
Liquid Application Processes

 

Electrical engineering
FieldsSub-fields
Source : Corporate Invention Board
Audio-visual technology Arrangements For Control
Details of colour television systems
Details of TV syst
Diagnosis for television systems
Displaying Advertising
Info Storage Based Record Carrier
Loudspeakers Microphones
Pictorial Communication
Printed Circuits
Scanning details of television
Stereophonic Systems
Stereoscopic television systems
Stereoscopic colour television systems
Basic communication processes Basic Electronic Circuitry
Computer technology Mechanic Digital Comput
Speech Anal. Or Synth.
Static Stores
Digital communication Transmission Of Digital Inf
Electrical machinery, apparatus, energy Batteries and related
Cables with Special Electric Properties
Capacitors
Discharge Lamps
Electricity Boards
Electric Switches
Electrical Device stopping human beings
Electric Heating
Elect-Conductive Connections
Electric Incandescent Lamps
Lighting
Magnets
Other subjects electricity
Resistors
Spark Gaps
Static Electricity
IT methods for management Data Processing Systems
Semiconductors Semiconductor Devices
Telecommunications Aerials
Broadcas Communication
Colour television systems
Multiplex Communication
Secret Communication
Selecting (Switches/Relays)
Telephonic Comm
Television systems
Transmission Systems
Transmission
Transmission or repro of doc
Waveguides
Wireless Communication

 

Instruments
FieldsSub-fields
Source : Corporate Invention Board
Analysis of biological materials Mat Analysis by Chem/Phys Prop
Control Checking Devices
Ciphering Apparatus
Control Systems in General
Educational Or Demonstration Appliances
Railway Or Like Time Or Fare Tables
Regulating Electric Variables
Regulating Non Electric Variables
Signalling Systems
Traffic Control Systems
Measurement Chem Physical Analyses
Details Of Instruments
Geophysics
Horology
Measuring Electric Variables
Meteorology
Measuring Distances Levels
Measuring Vibrations
Measuring Speed Acceleration
Measuring Volume Flow
Measuring Temperature
Measuring Force Stress Torque Work
Measuring Length Thickness
Multivariable Measuring
Optical Measurements
Other subjects nucleonics
Radio Direction-Finding
Testing Structures
Weighing
Medical technology Blood Vessel Filters
Devices for Introducing Media in Body
Dentistry
Electrotherapy
Furniture for Patients
Methods For Sterilising
Medical Containers
Surgery-Diagnosis
Therapy Apparatus
Veterinary
X-Ray Technique
Optics Apparatus For Processing Exposed Photographic Materials
Devices Using Stimulated Emission
Holography
Optical Elements Systems
Photographic Processes
Photomechanics of Surfaces
Photomecha Prod Of Surfaces
Photograph Apparatus

 

Mechanical engineering
FieldsSub-fields
Source : Corporate Invention Board
Engines, pumps, turbines Comb Engines In Gen
Cooling Of Machines Or Engines
Cyclic Machines Or Engines
Generating Combustion Products Of High P Or High V
Lubricating Of Machines Or Engines
Machines Or Engines for - Displacement
Machines Or Engines for + Displacement
Mach For Liquids Pumps Piston
Nuclear Eng.
Other subjects Engines and Pumps
Piston Machines Or Engines
Propulsive Mach Or Eng For Liquids or Wind
Steam Engine Plants
Handling Containers for Storage
Handling Thin Material
Labelling Machines
Lifting
Manipulators
Opening Bottles
Packaging Machines
Transport of Storage Devices
Machine tools Cutting
Grinding and Polishing
Handles For Hand Implements
Machine Tools
Mechanical Metal-Working
Multi-Purpose Tools
Nailing Or Stapling Tools
Other Hand-Held Cutting Tools
Percussive Tools
Perforating
Presses
Tools Or Benches
Workshop Equipment
Working Wood
Mechanical elements Engineering Elts or Units
Fluid Pressure Actuator
Mechanical Control Systems
Stroring Distributing Non Solids
Other special machines Ammunitions Blasting
Baking
Cutting of Sugar
Dough
Evaporation Apparatus
Harvested Produce
Harvesting
Horticulture
Husbandry
Manufacturind or Shaping
Other Micro and Nao Technology
Pitching Machines
Planting
Preparing Grain and Fruit
Processes Of Compounding
Process of Harvests
Prod of Dairy Products
Shoeing Of Animals
Soil Working
Sugar Production
Treatment of Meat
Traps for animals
Weapons
Working of Plastics
Working Of Foodstuffs
Working Cement or Stone
Textile and paper machines Braiding
Crimping of Threads or Fibers
Decorating Textiles
Dyeing Or Printing Textiles
Knitting
Marking Inspecting Seaming Or Severing Textile
Making Nets
Methofs for Clothes
Mechanical Processing Of Skins Hides Or Leather
Mechanical Or Pressure Cleaning of Textile
Other Subjects textiles and papers
Other Treatments
Paper Making
Pleating Kilting Or Goffering Textile
Production of Brushes
Printing
Repairing Footwear
Sewing
Shedding Mechanisms
Textile Fabrics
Threads or Fibers
Working Paper
Thermal processes and apparatus Air Supply
Burners
Combustion Apparatus Using Solid Fuel
Combustion Apparatus Using Fluent Fuel
Controlling Combustion
Combustion Chambers
Dom Stoves For Solid Fuels
Extinguishing Devices
Feeding Fuel To Combustion Apparatus
Furnaces ovens
Grates
Heat Exchange
Ice
Refrigeration Systems
Steam generation
Transport Aircraft
Auxilaries on Vessel
Land Vehicles
Launching of Vessels
Marine Propulsion
Railways
Ships
Vehicles
Weapons on Vessels

 

Other fields
FieldsSub-fields
Source : Corporate Invention Board
Civil engineering Bridges
Building
Draining of roads
Earth Or Rock Drilling
Hydraulic Eng Found Soil-Shifting
Landing for helicopters
Locking Safing
Openings in Building Ladder
Other Subjects Building
Permanent ways
Platforms or refuge islands
Protection again snow or sand drifts
Road signs or traffic signals
Sensitive and restricitng and safety in roads
Street Land Cleaning
Surfaces for roads and sport grounds
Water supply sewerage
Furniture, games Furniture and Dom Equipt
Sports and Games
Other consumer goods Aids For Music
Automatic Musical Instruments
Bookbinding
Brushes
Corsets
Cooling Or Freezing Apparatus
Decorative Arts
Electrophonic Musical Instruments
Fasteners and Braselets
Footwear
Hand or Travelling Articles
Headwear
Laces
Laundering
Methods For Life-Saving
Musical Instruments
Organs Harmoniums
Outerwear
Other Life saving and Amusement
Pianos
Rope non electric cable
Saddlery and Upholstery
Shirts
Sound-Producing Devices
Suspenders
Tobacco
Trimmings
Wall Floor Covering
Wigs
Writing Implements

 

Carte globale de la technologie
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Cet article présente le résultat d’une recherche menée sur l’étude des technologies portant sur l’ensemble des brevets déposés dans le monde entre 1986 et 2006 par les 2400 plus grands groupes mondiaux en d'investissement de Recherche et Développement.
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